Hp 10B Instrukcja Użytkownika

ContentsPage 10 At a Glance21 1: Getting Started 31 2: Business Percentages 35 3: Number Storage and Arithmetic 43 4: Picturing Financial Problems 51

5 51Time Value of Money Calculations51 Using the TVM Application53 Clearing TVM53 Begin and End Modes53Loan Calculations58Savings Calculations62Lease

COST% -DISC% X 360 X 100((100 - D1SC%) X (TOTAL DAYS - DISC DAYS))DISC% is ihc discount percent if the payment is made early. TOTAL DAYS is the total

Keys:Display:Description:450 r^Mlixl 100.10 Stores interest.0 60 0 365 0 7.40Calculates interest owed.0@M]0457.40 Calculates total owed.Continuous Com

18.14Calculates annual nominal rate for a monthly paynicnt period.Set to End Mode. Press BiBEG/ENPl if BEGIN annunciator is displayed.isifip;250 m 45

Keys: Display:Description:12SiPTYRl 12.00Sets payment.^ per year.9.00Stores interest rate.20BlxP/YRI 240.00Stores number of months.100000 fPVl-100,000

Annual Percentage Rate for a Loan With FeesThe annual percentage ralc./lP^, incorporates fees usually charged when a mortgage is issued, which

Example: Interest-Only Loan With Fee« A $1,000,000, lO-ycar, 12% (annual interest) intcrest^oniy loan has an origination fee of three points. What is

1. Calculate the amount of simple interest that accrues during the fractional first period and add it to the loan amount. This is the new FK You mus

Automobile LoanExample. You arc buying a new $14,000.00 sedan. Your down payment is $1,500 and you arc going to finance the remaining $12,500. The car

Canadian MortgagesIn Canadian mortgages, the compounding and payment periods are not the same. Interest is compounded semi-annually wliile payments ar

What if ... TVM CalculationsOne of the mosl valuable aspects of (he HP-10B*sTVM application is the ease with which it handles the question ‘'what

8959595959697979899 101 102104105106 107 107 109 111 112 112 114Additional ExamplesBusiness Applications Setting a Sales Price Forecasting Bused on Hi

(Шшвшшт514.8219.80Calculates number of biweekly payments.Displays years required to pay off loan.Part 3. What if you had monthly payments as in part 1

This problem is solved in two steps. First calculate the amount you’ll need when she starts college. Start with an interest rate conversion because of

OÍFVl0.00-52.713.28Stores balance at end of four years.Calculates amount required when your daughter starts college.Then use that Py as the fV on the

The purchasing power of that future value depends upon the inflation rate and the duration of the account.Example. You are considering opening a lax-d

339,994.398 flTYR] 0 f^Tl f^] - 22.995.36Stores after-tax future value inCalculates present-value purchasing power of afler-tax FK, assuming an 8% in

mSnZYBJOGG91345.505.61(pg -23,368.11Calculates amount in account at retirement.Calculates present-value purchasing power of FV^ assuming an 8% inf

Keys:754 Ш82(БШS2D180Е]82|liiUWdilDisplay: Description:1ШCFOEnters $35,000 for loan-35.000.00amount.JESSEnters net payment forCF1107.59first 82 months

Scl to End mode. Press BiBEG/ENDl if BEGIN annunciator is displayed.Keys;Display: Description: ICLEAR ALLIClears all registers.12SfP7YR)12.00Sets paym

AAssistance, Batteries, and ServiceWc at Hewlett-Packard are committed to providing you with ongoing support. You can obtain answers to questions abou

125 Shipping Instructions126 Warranty on Service126 Service Agreements126 Regulatory lnform<ilion127 More About Calculations127 IRR/YR Calculat

A: Exponent of ten (for example» 2.51 x 10'*^). Refer to “Scientific and Engineering Notation*' on page 27.Q: Why do I get a wrong answer or

Noise Declaration. In (he operator position under normal operation (per ISO 7779); LpA < 70dB.Power and BatteriesThe calculator is powered by

Installing Batteries1, Have three fresh bullon-ccll baUcries u( hand. Only touch batteries by their edges. Wipe each battery with a lint-free cloth t

6. Slide the tab of the battery-compartment door back into the slot in the calculator case.Determining if the Calculator Requires ServiceUse these gu

The calculator doesn’t respond to keystrokes (nothing happens when you press the keys):Reset the calculator (sec step 1 above).2. Erase memory (sec st

3. Starling at the upper left corner ([^) and moving from left to right, press each key in the top row. Then, moving left to right, press

Limited One-Year WarrantyWhat Is CoveredThe calculator (except for the batteries, or damage caused by the batteries) is warranted by Hewlett-Packard

Products arc sold on the basis of specifications applicable at the time of manufacture. Hewlett-Packard shall have no obligation to modify or update p

In other countries: Conlact your HewIcU-Packard sales ofTicc or dealer or write to the Corvallis Service Center (listed on the inside of the back cove

Warranty on ServiceService is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for 90 days from the date of service.Service AgreementsIn the U.S

At a Glance...This section is designed Гог you if you're already familiar with calculator operation or financial concepts. You can use it for qui

BMore About CalculationsIRR/YR CalculationsThe calculator determines IRR/YR for a set of cash flows using mathematical formulas that “search” for the

Case 5. The calculator displays; no Solution. There is no answer. This situation might be the result of an error, such as a mistake in keying in the c

Effect of Using E~ to Correct DataThe HP-lOB stores the statistical numbers in an ''accumulated” fashion. It doesn't store every number

Time Value of Money (TVM)Paymcnl Mode Factor: S = 0 for End mode; 1 for Begin mode.P/YR0 = PV + 1 +i % X 5 100xPMTy+ FVx 1 +i%100-N1 “100-Ni%100Amorti

For each payment amortized:INT' « BALxi (¡NT' is rounded to the current display selling; ¡NT' = 0 for period 0 in Begin mode.)¡NT = INr

— Sx — Sy —Елуn E)'Sx =5>^ = VSx^ -iSxji/1n- 1Sy2 -/In - 1OX =S.v^ -;in.2 i^)LnS;/Ir =Ел>/IS.2 . iM/ISy'_ (Mnm -S.^. - ^/I. \2S.v2

MessagesPress [C] or 0 to clear a message from the display.ALL CLr(All Clear), Memory has been erased (page 23). bAL(Balance). Balance in an amortizat

Error - P_Yr(Error - Payments per Year). Attempt lo solve for F/YRy or store a number in P/YR (hat is outside (he legal range (1 to 999) or is not an

OFLO(Overflow). The magnitude of a result is too large for the calculator to handle. Message is displayed for a moment, then the overflow result is re

IndexBSiSSpecial Characters0,21 0, 21 (3,21 0.21 (S,22 □.28ED. 28, 31,45,321.24 (^, 26,40 QZ3. 26,40, 41 E],40 (B, 41 3, 41 0,41 E±),85 S.85|o-.t,<

Percentages—At a Glance...— ' • OUOUDcl'CDOOCCioaoco!.Doaoc,ooGOc:«loonoci(CST)i^ARlPercent.Cost.Price.Margin.Markup.Add 15% to $17.50.Keys:

Aulo incrcmcnl, 67 Automatic coustant, 35 Automobile loan, 104 Average, 88BBackspace, 22 bAL,67 Balance, 43,67 Balloon payment, 43,56 Basics at a glan

Display all digils, 28 Display format, 21 Dot, 28Down payment, 53, 55Future value, 43,48 E3,43,48, 52(E),40 E, 27 (11.27(|EE%],51,71 Effective annual

K, L0, 35 Lease, 62advance payntenis, 63 Linear regression, 85.91EH],-«)Loan, with fees, 101 Loans, S3interest only, 102 number of payments. 52 odd fi

Present value, 48 Price, 11 Prin, 67Principal, 45,67 Principal reduction, 66 (py), 48,52 iPTYRi. 51, 52, 71QQuestions, 116 Quick reference, 10RRange o

Taxable retirement account, 111 Tax-deferred account, 110 Tax-free account, 110 3 Key Memory, 35 Timeout, 21 Trailing zeros, 28 Turn off, 21 Turn on.

Memory Keys—At a Glance...pooooo paaaoo xz=)aaao □ oooo• OCDOOooooaDoaoa0Em)mmStores a constant operation.Stores a value in the M register (memory loc

Time Value of Money (TVM)—At a Glance..Ji’ Enter any four of the five values and solve for the fifth.immmmcDOOOOOC3000C{OOOOOoooed oaac MOOCA negativ

TVM What if...—At a Glance...ommmaooooool aoooo ooooo; □ oooc Qoaac: OOOOC!;U is nol necessary to reenter TVM values Гог each example. Usin

Amortization—At a Glance...tooooao oooooo moooo oaooo□ oaoo aoooD□ OOMOAfter calculating a payment using Time Value of Money (TVM), enter the period

Interest Rate Conversion—At a Glance...ommmoooooooofCDOnOOaooaonooaoOOOCTO UOOOf )To convert between nominal and cfTcctive interest rates, enter the k

HP-lOBWho% HEWLETT mLnM PACKARD

IRR/YR and NPV—At a Glance...oooaoci oommmzi t300CC‘ ooDc:c poncoc nnc( K:iC)i3Duc::| V. -------------------/ rpTVRl[cRl (Nj] IonmoDNumber of periods

23000 (cEBonifili]a 12 0CF323,000.0015.961.33Enters third cash flow.Calculates IRR/YR.Calculates IRR per month.What is the NPy if the discount rate is

Statistics—At a Glance.I000008OOOOOO^•OOCommmc^ocir joc:' aaoocj fcmnumber number BfZ^Clear statistical registers.Enter one-variable statistic

Using the following data, find the mean of j; aiidy, the sample standard deviation of at andy, and they-intcrcept and the slope of the linear regress

1Getting StartedPower On and Offoocoaooooaooki^ooon□ DOOO{oaooc »oao loaoTo turn on your HP-lOB, press O (ihc key above ihe “ON label). To

If you make a typing mistake while entering a number, press [♦] to erase the incorrect digits.Keys:24.71 0 62.47 0Display:87.18Description:Adds 24.71

Understanding the Display and KeyboardCursorThe cursor (_) is visible when you arc entering a number.Clearing the CalculatorLillooooocOOODOO=JOOC«oooa

To dear all memory and reset calculator inodes, press and hold down O, then press and hold down both and When you release all three, all memory is cle

INPUT KeyOOODOD OOOOOO BaOOGoooocоооосooooaoooooThe lINPUTI key is used lo separate two numbers when using two-number functions or two-variable statis

Keys: Display; Description;89.25 Ш{Щ\ 9.453.57 0 2.36 Ш\Ш} 0.42 a 3.99Calculates square root. 1/2,36 is calculated first. Adds 3.57 and 1/2.36.D

HfiWLBTTPACKAnOToeBUSINESS1. Interest conversion (page 71).2. Time value of money (page 51).3. Cash flows (page 75).4. Store and recall (page 38).5. P

Specifying Displayed Decimal PlacesTo specify the number of displayed decimal places;1. Press2. Enter the number of digits (0 through 9) that you wis

Displaying the Full Precision of NumbersooQooa□OOGOOC3GOOOoaooooaaoocooaoooMMc:To SCI your calculator to display numbers as precisely as possible, pr

Keys:9.87654321raigafiHSTl]a|(RND)0Display:9.876543219.889876543210009.88988000000000Description:Enters a number with more than Iwo non-zero decimal p

N l/YRorNOM%PVMPMTFVCSTPRC MARorMUP/YREFF%General Storage and Cash FlowsRoRiR2R3«4ReR?«8R9R.0R.1R.2R.3R.4> Summation StatisticsNumbered Memory Regi

2Business PercentagesYou can U.SC (he HP-lOB to calculate simple percent, percent change, cost, price, margin, and markup.Percent KeyoooaoolOOOQO CZJO

Adding or Subtracting a PercentYou can add or subtract a percent in one calculation.Example. Decrease 200 by 25%.Keys:Display:Description:200 0 200.00

Example. Calculate the percent change between (12 x S) and (65 + 18). Keys: Display: Description:12 fx] 5 lINPUTI 60.00 Calculates and e

Markup on Cost CalculationsExample. The standard markup on costume jewelry at Kleiner’s Knsmetique is 60%. They just received a shipment of chokers co

3Number Storage and ArithmeticUsing Stored Numbers in CalculationsYou can Store numbers, for reuse, in several different ways: Use E) (Constant) to

KeysOperation0 number (Q 0Stores "+ number" as constant.0 number 0 0 Stores number" as constant.0 number 0 0Stores “x number " as

HP-1 OB Business CalculatorOwner’s ManualHEWLETTPACKARDEdition 6Pan Number 00010-^)0037

Example. Calculate 2^ and 4^.Keys: Display:Description:2i(Z] 3 (K)3.00Stores as constant.08.00 Calculates 2\40 64.00 Calculates 4^Using the M Register

4.65 Ea (M±]m-4.6543.55Adds -4.65 lo M register.Recalls contents of the M register.Using Numbered RegistersLoooooooaooooC300DDoasMOThe BiSTOI and IRCL

In most cases, it is unnecessary to clear a storage register since storing a number replaces the previous contents. However, you can clear a sin^e reg

Doing Arithmeticoooooo □GOOD CZDOOOO OOOO QOOOommmjOOCDOMath functions operate on the number in the display.'JExample. Calculate Ihcn calculate +

Power OperatorooooooOOOOOOjK=)OOODoooooOQoai oaoooj oooooThe power operator, B0> raises the preceding number (y- valuc) to the power of the followi

Keys:Display: Description:30 0 10 85 0 85.00No calculation yet.12|(B73.00 Calculates 85 - 12.a0.41Calculates 30 *r 73.90 3.70 Multiplies the result by

4Picturing Financial ProblemsHow to Approach a Financial ProblemThe financial vocabulary of the HP-lOB is simplified to apply to all financial fields

Up-arrows represent positive Acash flows (money received). ' * 'The horizontal line represents time. It is divided into regular periods.5

Periods and Cash FlowsIn addition to the sign convention (cash flowing out is negative, cash flowing in is positive) on cash flow diagrams, there arc

Compound InterestA compound-interest contract is like a scries of simplc-intcrcst contracts that arc connected. The length of each simplc-intcrcst con

NoticeFor warranly and regulatory information for this calculator, see pages 123 and 126.This manual and any examples contained herein arc provided &q

Interest RatesWhen you approach a financial problem, it is important to rccogni/e that the interest rate or rate of return can be described in at leas

mшшшШ](ЁУ)Number of periods or payments.Annual percentage interest rate (usually the annual nominal rate).Present value (the cash flow at the beginni

FV « 25,327.38l/YR = 8.00% PMT - 0.00 -I --i I ^ I ^ h • -I— I I ^ I ^PV = -17,000.00N « 60Time value of money calculations arc described in the next

16,567.20A1 I 2 1 34 1 5 1 65,000.00 7 1 8 1 9 1 10 ill12|13|14|151 11 1 •5,000.0011111 1 IT>^ -7,000.00- 6.000.00 rCash flow problems arc describ

5Time Value of Money CalculationsUsing the TVM Application____i.i The time value of money (TVM) application is used for com-pound interest calculation

Key Stores or CalculatesThe number of payments or compounding periods.mmThe annual nominal interest rate.IE3The present value of future cash flows. PV

Clearing TVMPress BICLEAR ALLI lo dear the TVM registers. This sets N, f/YR, PV, PMTy and FV to zero and briefly displays the current value in P/YR,Be

PV = 7,250-1,500PMT = ? End ModeScl (o F.nd mode. Prc.s.s |lIS7iiZBlKeys:12i(EZYR) 3 0 12®10.5 [¡TYRIDisplay:12.0036.0010.50if BEGIN annuncialor is di

Part 3. If interest is 10.5%, what is the maximum you can spend on the car to lower your car payment to $175.00?10.5 flTYRl175 mSlil01500 010.50Stores

30 WxP/YRI360.00Stores the length of the mortgage (30 X 12).0.00Pays mortgage off in 30 years.11.5 n/YRl11.50Stores interest rate.630(S (PmT)-630.00St

Welcome to the HP-1 OBYour HP-lOB rcflccls ihc superior quality and attention to detail in engineering and manufacturing that have distinguished Hewle

Set (o End mode. Press Keys:1225 KxPZVr)if BEGIN annunciator is displayed.Display:Description:12.00Sets periods per year.300.00 Stores length of m

I000*00 [OOOOOO nOQC*taoooo boooo.jOOOOC^ooocjjThe value in PMT should always be rounded lo two decimal places when calculating FU'or PVio avoid

FV » 3.000.00Since this account has no regular payments {PMT = 0), the payment mode (End or Begin) is irrelevant.Keys:Display:Description: I CLEAR ALL

Since (he calculated value of N is between S and 6, it will take six years of annual compounding to achieve a balance of at least $3,000. Ca

80ши8.3 15 lIxP/YRl-80.00 Stores regular semimonthly deposits.8.30Stores interest rate.360.00Stores number ofdeposits.63.963.84Calculates balance.Exa

50BxP/YRI600.000 (FV] 0.00Ш)3.328.68Stores number of withdrawals.Stores balance of account after 50 years.Calculates amount that you can withdraw

РМТ - ?ж ЖI/YR - 14% N - 36 P/YR - 12PV « -13,500.00 Begin Mode35FV = 7,500.00Ж36Money received by lessor is positive.Money paid out by lessor is neg

Ii‘ the annual interest rate is 18%, what is the capitalized value of the lease?Begin Mode PV = ?This solution requires four steps.1. Calculate the p

oEy)0.00Stores FV for step 1.18 il/YR18.00Stores interest rate.m81.735.58Calculates present value of 47 monthly payments.Step 2. Add the additional ad

Amortizationooooaoioooooo^30000oooooOOOQOoooacOOOOC3Amorlization is the process of dividing a payment into the amount that applies to interest and the

FeaturesThe fc;iUircs of ihc HP-lOB and ihc manual reflect the needs and wishes of many customers; A large 12-charactcr display. An At-a-Glancc se

The BlAMQRTI function assumes you have just calculated a payment or you have stored the appropriate amortization values in I/YR^ FV

Exampio: Amortizing a Range of Paymanta. Calcuiate the first tvb-o years of (he annual amortization schedule for a 30 year, $80,000 mortgage, at 9.75%

Amortize the !U:cond year;РЕПЗ-24Displa)*s next range of periods.0IntDisplays interest paid in-7,731.67second year.0PrinDisplays principal paid in-516

Amortize the 1st, 2Sth, and 54tli payments.1.00PEr 1 - 1Enters first payment.Displays amortized payment period.0IntDisplays interest.0.000PrinDisplays

Interest Rate Conversionsommmooooooonсэоооо□ ооосз!□ ooooOODOO□ ooaoThe Inlcrcsl Conversion application uses three keys: BlNOM%l. BIEFF%L and Mp7yrI,

Firsl Bank Second Bank Third Bank6.70% annual interest, compounded quarterly.6.65% annual interest, compounded monthly.6.63% annual interest, compound

Compounding and Payment Periodsj• OOjooooo oooo ooooo □ oooo ooooo oooooThe TVM application assumes that the compounding periods and the payment per

Step 2. Calculate the future value.Set to Begin mode. Press B(BegZenQ if annunciator is not displayed.0.00Stores present value.25mipRm -25.00 Storc.s

6Cash Flow CalculationsHow to Use the Cash Flow ApplicationoaoaoodaaasDBOOOCoaaooaooaoODOODloooacThe cash flow application is used to solve problems w

A1Flows received are positive.Flows paid out are negative.Keys: Icl6Ar aLLI 12BiP7VR1 5000W]2000 Ea4000 iC^11765.29ISdlQm»aD012QDisplay:0.0012.00CFO-5

Contents10 At a Glance...10 Basics11 Percentages12 Memory Keys13 Time Value of Money (TVM)14 TVM Whal if...15 Amort iziU ion16 Interest Rale C

NPV and IRR/YR: Discounting Cash FlowsChapter 4 demonstrates the use of cash flow diagrams to clarify financial problems. This section describes disco

CF 3 « 10,000, N 3 » 1Whenever you enter a series of cash ffows, it is important to account for every period on the cash flow diagram, even periods wi

Example. Enter the cash flows from the preceding diagram and calculate the JRR/YR. Then calculate the effective interest rate. Assume there arc 12 pe

To replace a cash flow, enter the new cash flow and press BiSTOl followed by the cash flow (register) number.To replace the number of limes a particul

I/YR = 15%10.000Keys: ICLEAR ALU12BiP7YRl0(CF])Display;0,0012.00CFO0.00Description:Clears registers.Sets payments per year.Enters initial cash flow of

0 fCFjlCF50.00Enters fifth cash flow.4|[^n5Enters number of4.00occurrences.7500ÎCFJ1CF67,500.00Enters sixth cash flow.0[çEB CF7Enters seventh cash0.00

Calculating Internal Rate of Return1. Press BICLEAR ALU, store number of periods per year in P/YR.2. Enter the cash flows using (CF^ and (Nfl.3. Pr

10.0004-1-Ь5,0007.500 '5.000 ^ j к>к >u b 1 M I 1 1 1 -b-1 1 M I-I H-I -Y -28,00011 13 15 17 19 21 23 25IRR/YR = ?Keys:28000 ^ (ШШDis

7Statistical Calculations_______l! The (13 and ШШВ зге used to enlcr and delete data for*□ 00000 iwo-variablc statistics. Summation data is accumu-&l

Entering Statistical DataThere is no limit to the number of values you can accumulate in the statistical registers. *One-Varfable StatisticsTo enter j

28Interchanging the Period and Comma28Rounding Numbers29Messages29Picturing Memory231 Business Percentages31 Percent Key31 Finding a Percent32Adding o

Correcting Statistical DataIncorrect entries can be deleted using B[13- If either value of an a :,v oair is incorrect, you must delete and

Summary of Statistical CalculationsSome functions return two values. The : annunciator indicates that two values have been returned. Press B

KeysDescription(RCLl 4 (n)Number of data points entered.fRCLl5(E)i) Sum of the x-values.(R^6(i:y)Sum of the y-values.RCL17(D<2)Sum of the squares o

4.5 (1+)1.00Enters first time.4d+)2.00Enters second time.2g±)3.00Enters third time.3.25 d±] 4.00Enters fourth time.3.5 d35.00Enters fifth time.3.75 d±

177 iINPUTi 83 fg»1 3.00185 lINPUTI 77 (13 4.00 diS02E3aM\cr_x,cry\iRCOS184.2582.755.804.71331.00Enters liciglit and wciglit of player 3.Enters heigh

Linear Estimation. The straight line calculated by linear regression can be used to estimate ay-value for a given jc-valuc, or vice versa:1. Enter th

3.000,002,000.00Sales in Dollars1,000,00.// •/• /•/m e 425.88(forecasted)V/“1--------1-----1-----r 1--------1-----1-----\-----1“0 12 34 5 6 7 8Minutes

im3.357.383.783.25Estimalcs sales if 7 minutes of advertising were purchased.Estimates sales if 8 minutes were purchased.How many minutes of adver

8Additional ExamplesBusiness ApplicationsSetting a Sales PriceOne method for setting the per unit sales price is to determine the cost of production p

Example. Given the following sales data, what are the sales estimates for years six and seven?Year12345Sales $10,00011,21013,06016,07520,590Keys; Disp