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214 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide
9
Type Equivalence
The Pascal compiler produces several diagnostics that generate the following
message:
non-equivalent types
In general, Pascal considers types to be the same only if they derive from the
same type identifier. Therefore, the following two variables have different
types, even though the types look the same and have the same characteristics.
The assignment:
x := y
produces the following diagnostic messages:
x : record
a: integer;
b: char;
end;
y : record
a: integer;
b: char;
end;
Mon Feb 13 14:22:46 1995 inchar.p:
E 25170 line 12 - Type clash: non-identical record types
... 25560: Type of expression clashed with type of variable in assignment
- Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 1
- Contents 3
- Contents v 5
- Contents vii 7
- Contents ix 9
- Contents xi 11
- Contents xiii 13
- Operating Environment 19
- Installation 19
- Audience 20
- Organization 20
- Related Documentation 22
- README Files 23
- Other Related Documentation 23
- Introduction 25
- Pascal Compiler 26
- Features 26
- Compatibility 26
- Text Editors 27
- Debuggers 27
- XView Toolkit 27
- Native Language Support 27
- Internationalization 28
- Licensing 29
- 6 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 30
- Pascal Programs 31
- Compiling the Program 32
- Running the Program 33
- Renaming the Executable File 33
- An Interactive Pascal Program 34
- Redirecting I/O 35
- Where Did My Program Fail? 37
- Using the -g Option 39
- The Pascal Compiler 41
- Compile and Link Sequence 42
- Language Preprocessor 43
- –Bbinding 48
- The Pascal Compiler 25 49
- {$b0} No buffering 49
- {$b1} Line buffering 49
- 26 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 50
- –Dname[=def] 51
- 28 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 52
- -fnonstd 53
- –fround=r 53
- –ftrap=t 54
- The Pascal Compiler 31 55
- –help or -flags 56
- –Ipathname 56
- -keeptmp 56
- -Ldirectory 57
- -libmieee 58
- –misalign 58
- –nolibmil 59
- -noqueue 59
- -notrace 60
- –O[level] 60
- The Pascal Compiler 37 61
- –o filename 62
- –p and –pg 63
- –pic,-Kpic and –PIC, -KPIC 63
- –Qoption 64
- –Qpath pathname 64
- –Qproduce 64
- -R path[ 65
- 42 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 66
- Examples: 67
- 46 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 70
- –temp=dir 71
- The Pascal Compiler 49 73
- 50 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 74
- v7 or v8 machine 76
- -xcache=c 77
- • generic 77
- • s1/l1/a1 77
- • s1/l1/a1:s2/l2/a2 77
- • s1/l1/a1:s2/l2/a2:s3/l3/a3 77
- -xchip=c 78
- -xildoff 80
- -xlibmieee 80
- -xlibmil 80
- The Pascal Compiler 57 81
- -xprofile=p 82
- -xregs=r 84
- The Pascal Compiler 61 85
- -xtarget=t 86
- Program Construction and 91
- Management 91
- Compiling with Units 93
- Using Units and Header Files 94
- Libraries 98
- Separate Compilation 99
- Using Program Units 100
- Using Module Units 100
- • include files 100
- Sharing Public Variables 101
- Using the -xl Option 104
- Using the define Declaration 107
- Using include Files 108
- , inc_mod2.p module inc_mod2; 109
- Using extern 110
- 88 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 112
- The C–Pascal Interface 113
- Theshortreal Type 115
- Character Strings 115
- Incompatibilities 116
- Procedure Calls: C–Pascal 117
- Variable Parameters 118
- Simple Types without –xl 119
- Simple Types with –xl 120
- Strings of Characters 120
- Fixed Arrays 121
- The univ Arrays 124
- Conformant Arrays 125
- Records and Structures 129
- Consider this example: 131
- Variant Records 132
- Pascal Set Type 134
- Pascal intset Type 135
- Value Parameters 136
- Function Return Values 139
- Input and Output 140
- Procedure Calls: Pascal–C 141
- Following are some examples: 150
- Non-Pascal Procedures 151
- See this example: 152
- 136 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 160
- The C++–Pascal Interface 161
- C++ Name Encoding 162
- Procedure Calls: C++–Pascal 162
- Arguments Passed by Reference 163
- Arguments Passed by Value 174
- Simple Types 177
- Type shortreal 178
- Procedure Calls: Pascal–C++ 179
- Pascal. See this example: 185
- Pascal File Pointers to C++ 186
- The FORTRAN–Pascal Interface 187
- , byte, or 189
- Pascal Set Types 191
- Multidimensional Arrays 191
- See the following example: 193
- Pascalintset Type 203
- Typeshortreal 206
- Pointers 207
- Character Dummy Arguments 213
- Routines as Parameters 226
- 204 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 228
- Error Diagnostics 229
- String Errors 230
- Digits in Real Numbers 230
- Compiler Semantic Errors 234
- Thescalar Class 235
- Scalar Error Messages 236
- Expression Diagnostics 236
- Type Equivalence 238
- Unreachable Statements 239
- Thegoto Statement 240
- Uninitialized Variables 240
- Compiler Panics, I/O Errors 241
- Runtime Errors 241
- 218 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 242
- Error Diagnostics 219 243
- 220 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 244
- The XView Toolkit 245
- Object-Oriented Programming 246
- Pascal Interface 247
- Compiling with Libraries 248
- Header Files 248
- Attribute Lists 249
- Conversion of C to Pascal 251
- 1. Defined in stddefs_p.h 252
- Sample Program 254
- Menu Demo Program 255
- Now run the executable file: 256
- Math Libraries 257
- IEEE Support Functions 260
- SPARC Libraries 262
- Arithmetic Exceptions 263
- 244 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 268
- Pascal Preprocessor 269
- Compiler Directives 270
- The%config Directive 271
- The %debug Directive 273
- The %else Directive 274
- The %elseif Directive 275
- The%elseifdef Directive 276
- Comments 277
- The %enable Directive 278
- The %endif Directive 279
- The%error Directive 279
- The%exit Directive 280
- The%if Directive 281
- The%ifdef Directive 282
- The%include Directive 283
- The %list Directive 284
- The %nolist Directive 286
- The %slibrary Directive 287
- The%var Directive 287
- The%warning Directive 287
- Error Messages 289
- 266 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 290
- Error Messages 267 291
- 268 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 292
- Error Messages 269 293
- 270 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 294
- Error Messages 271 295
- 272 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 296
- Error Messages 273 297
- 274 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 298
- Error Messages 275 299
- 276 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 300
- Error Messages 277 301
- 278 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 302
- Error Messages 279 303
- 280 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 304
- Error Messages 281 305
- 282 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 306
- Error Messages 283 307
- 284 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 308
- Error Messages 285 309
- 286 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 310
- Error Messages 287 311
- 288 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 312
- Error Messages 289 313
- 290 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 314
- Error Messages 291 315
- 292 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 316
- Error Messages 293 317
- 294 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 318
- Error Messages 295 319
- 296 Pascal 4.0 User’s Guide 320
- Index 307 331
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